Jadi belajar lagi soal kode dan jenis Avtur buat design livery/skin trailer Tanker Banter logistics nih
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| Truck tanker sedang mengisi bahan bakar pesawat |
Bahan bakar jet atau jet fuel atau aviation turbine fuel (ATF) atau avtur (aviation turbine) merupakan salah satu jenis bahan bakar penerbangan yang dirancang untuk digunakan pada pesawat terbang yang bermesin turbin gas. Warnanya cerah sampai kekuningan. Bahan bakar yang paling umum adalah Jet A dan Jet A-1 (Avtur) yang diproduksi dalam perlengkapan spesifikasi yang terstandardisasi secara internasional. Satu-satunya bahan bakar jet yang umum digunakan dalam penerbangan bermesin turbin disebut Jet B dan digunakan untuk menghadapi cuaca dingin.
Bahan bakar jet adalah campuran sejumlah hidrokarbon yang berbeda, kemungkinan ribuan lebih. Kisaran ukurannya (berat molekul atau nomor karbon) dibatasi oleh persyaratan untuk produk, sebagai contoh, titik beku atau titik asap. Bahan bakar jenis kerosin (termasuk Jet A dan Jet A-1) memiliki distribusi nomor karbon antara 8-16; bahan bakar jet tipe potong luas atau nafta (termasuk Jet B), berkisar antara 5-15 nomor karbon.
Jenis avtur
- Jet A
Jet A specification fuel has been used in the United States since the 1950s and is usually not available outside the United States and a few Canadian airports such as Toronto and Vancouver, whereas Jet A-1 is the standard specification fuel used in the rest of the world. Both Jet A and Jet A-1 have a flash point higher than 38 °C (100 °F), with an autoignition temperature of 210 °C (410 °F).
Differences between Jet A and Jet A-1
The primary difference is the lower freezing point of A-1:
Jet A's is −40 °C (−40 °F)
Jet A-1's is −47 °C (−53 °F)
The other difference is the mandatory addition of an anti-static additive to Jet A-1.
As with Jet A-1, Jet A can be identified in trucks and storage facilities by the UN number 1863 Hazardous Material placards. Jet A trucks, storage tanks, and plumbing that carry Jet A are marked with a black sticker with "Jet A" in white printed on it, adjacent to another black stripe.
Typical physical properties for Jet A and Jet A-1
Jet A-1 fuel must meet:
DEF STAN 91-91 (Jet A-1),
ASTM specification D1655 (Jet A-1), and
IATA Guidance Material (Kerosene Type), NATO Code F-35.
Jet A fuel must reach ASTM specification D1655 (Jet A)
Typical physical properties for Jet A / Jet A-1
| Jet A-1 | Jet A | |
| Flash point | 38 °C (100 °F) | |
| Autoignition temperature | 245 °C (473 °F) | |
| Freezing point | −47 °C (−53 °F) | −40 °C (−40 °F) |
| Max adiabatic burn temperature | 2,500 K (2,230 °C) (4,040 °F) Open Air Burn temperature: 1,030 °C (1,890 °F) | |
| Density at 15 °C (59 °F) | .804 kg/L (6.71 lb/US gal) | .820 kg/L (6.84 lb/US gal) |
| Specific energy | 43.15 MJ/kg | 43.02 MJ/kg |
| Energy density | 34.7 MJ/L | 35.3 MJ/L |
Jet B is a fuel in the naphtha-kerosene region that is used for its enhanced cold-weather performance. However, Jet B's lighter composition makes it more dangerous to handle.For this reason it is rarely used, except in very cold climates. A blend of approximately 30% kerosene and 70% gasoline, it is known as wide-cut fuel. It has a very low freezing point of −60 °C (−76 °F) and a low flash point as well. It is primarily used in some military aircraft. It is also used in Canada because of its freezing point.
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